Green Landscape Maintenance Landscape maintenance practices modify the environment to improve its health, function or appearance. Landscape maintenance activities include:  maintaining plants  installing and removing plants  managing the soil and water conditions of the landscape  managing landscape pests and diseases Green Land Care seeks to prevent landscape problems by creating healthy ecosystems that provide for the needs of all the organisms contained therein. Green Land Care is an integrated approach, in which all practices are evaluated and used for their ability to enhance and support the natural processes within the ecosystem, and to minimize damage to any part thereof. The success of the landscape depends on how well the maintenance practices support the design objectives, and on their wider social and ecological impact on the environment. Ten Reasons why you should ditch your Lawn and Garden Chemicals and Go Green! Chemical pesticides and fertilizers contaminate surface and groundwater. Lawn pesticides and fertilizers can contaminate surface and groundwater. This diminishes the quality of our drinking water as well as the quality of aquatic habitats and health of aquatic life forms. Many fish and aquatic insect species are highly sensitive to fertilizers and pesticides. Chemical pesticides threaten the health of children. Children are the most vulnerable segment of our population due to their small size and their underdeveloped physiology. Children are also often the most exposed to pesticides due to their behaviour (putting contaminated grass, soil and toys into mouth, breathing close to the ground). Increased vulnerability and exposure put children at an unacceptably high risk from lawn pesticides. Chemical pesticides threaten the health of outdoor pets. Outdoor pets are highly exposed to lawn chemicals due to their behaviour (licking contaminated paws and coat, breathing close to the ground, eating contaminated grass, soil and toys) and are highly vulnerable due to their small size. Chemical pesticides threaten the health of local wildlife. Turf-dwelling and feeding species such as the American robin, Canada goose, American widgeon, European starling, common raccoon and eastern gray squirrel are highly exposed to lawn chemicals. Granular formulations of diazinon and chlorpyrifos can severely impact birds that mistake the granules for seed or other food items. Diazinon, a common lawn insecticide, is associated with large bird kills and is banned for use on American sod farms and golf courses. Chemical pesticides and fertilizers reduce the activity of beneficial organisms. Healthy soil is alive with a variety of beneficial organisms that actually kill pest insects, decrease the spread of disease and help plants gather nutrients and water. For example, earthworms improve air and water circulation, decompose thatch, deposit nutrient-rich castings and help to neutralize soil (plants prefer this pH). Many of these beneficial organisms are highly exposed and highly sensitive to lawn chemicals. Pesticides and fertilizers reduce their activity levels, thereby reducing a lawn's natural ability to control pests and diseases, gather nutrients and water and maintain overall health. Local wildlife need safe places to live. As more and more suburbs encroach upon natural habitats, wildlife are forced to flee or adapt to less ideal, often crowded habitats ripe with potential dangers. Exposure to lawn chemicals is one such danger. Direct exposure to these pesticides and fertilizers is dangerous, as are the effects of chemical use including decreased shelter and food opportunities. We can make our cities and towns more habitable for local wildlife by avoiding lawn and garden chemicals. You may even consider naturalizing a section of your yard to provide a greater diversity of shelter and food types. Chemical fertilizers are a waste of money. Chemical fertilizers usually contain three macronutrients - phosphorus, potassium and nitrogen. They lack other macro as well as micronutrients and include no organic matter or microbes. In contrast, finished compost from your backyard bin is an organic and natural soil amendment that provides a more complete package of nutrients, organic matter and microbes. Finished compost is a free resource that also constitutes sustainable waste management, extending the lifespan of local dumps and landfills. Chemical pesticides have the potential to cause damage throughout their lifecycles. All stages of a pesticide's lifecycle - production, transport, storage, use and disposal - have the potential to degrade environmental and human health. Explosions, spills and volatilization may occur in manufacturing plants, storage facilities and en route, exposing potentially huge numbers of non-target organisms to pesticides. Disposal is an expensive and controversial proposition as people campaign to keep stockpiles out of their communities. Chemicals actually degrade the over-all long-term health of your lawn and garden. Chemical lawn care is the wrong approach. By frequently applying pesticides to your lawn, you may create a chemical-dependent landscape. As pest species become resistant to the chemicals designed to kill them, more concentrated doses and frequent applications are required and a never-ending cycle of increasing pest resistance and pesticide use is established. When this happens, your lawn's health is spiraling downhill. Lawn chemicals are unnecessary. Historically, organic lawn care has been practiced for much longer than chemical lawn care and it can easily be implemented on any lawn. Safe and effective alternatives exist for most chemical pesticides and fertilizers. There is no need to expose our families, communities and local wildlife to chemicals that are known or potential hazards.